Cross-cultural communication

HOUSING



Instructor
Lê Thị Thanh Hoa
Group 9:
Võ Thị Thu Hường
Nguyễn Thị Định
Nguyễn Thị Kan
Đặng Thị Hà
Lê Trọng Dương
Outline
Houses through the ages
Types of modern houses
Owning and renting
Homelessness
Comparison
HOUSES THROUGH THE AGES
1.The Celtic houses
(500 BC)
Round house
Mud: woven stick
Straw: roof

No windows
A fire …..in the middle of the house
Keep warm
2.The Romans houses
(AD 43)
What was a rich Romans house like?
Under floor heating
Mosaic floors
Collumns

+ Simple flats( insulae)
+ No running water
Where did poor Romans live?
3.Saxon Houses
(450)
Simple rectangular houses made from wood



The houses had a fire which was used for cooking, heating and providing light.



                                                                                
4.Viking houses
(793)
Long rectangular house
5. Georgian houses
(1714-1736)
The Georgian period is the time when the Kings on the throne of England had the name George.
Senate House, Cambridge

CHARACTERISTICS





Characteristics of Georgian houses

Pillars in the front of the house.
Fan light above the door.

Square symmetrical shape
.
6.Victorian Houses
(1837 – 1901)
The Victorian period is the time when Queen Victoria ruled Britain.
No garage
Chimney
Detached house
types of houses
Definition

A detached house is a  house which is not joined to another house.
The lot is larger than the house for an area, for a yard or a garden
Structure of house
Shapes, with all those little corners
Large front garden with a tree and bushes
The garage (on the left) is hidden discretely away.

Advantages of detached house
the free space surrounding the building is private to the owner and his family
You would not have to worry about getting a permit from a landlord to do renovations
You would not need to pay property management fees like those paid by condominiums and townhouse dwellers.
Disadvantages
all repairs and maintenance of the house and lot is at the expense of the owner
Every site improvement like adding a patio or a pool or a garden is at the expense of the owner too.
Semi-detached house
Definition
A semi-detached house is a pair of housing units that shares one common wall.
The two houses are built to mirror each other.
Structure
Each house is the mirror of the other , inside and out
The separate front garden for each house
At the back sides will also be two garden
The typical semi-detached has two floors and three bedrooms.
Advantages of semi-detached house
there is still a level of privacy even if one wall is shared by the two houses
Disadvantages of semi-detached house
A glaring disadvantage is that the upkeep of your side of the property still falls solely on you
you cannot just plan extensive renovations and extensions as you have to consider your twin house. 
Terraced house
Definition
Terraced housing is also known as row housing or townhomes
.  A row of identical looking houses sit side by side forming a long row of housing that share side walls.
The end units of this row of housing are called end terrace
Structure
Some have garden back and front
Other only at the back and others no garden at all
Each house have two floors, with two bedroom upstair.
Most with no inside toilet or bathroom.
Advantages of terraced house
it is relatively cheaper than a semi-detached built in the same location
Disadvantages of terraced house
One great disadvantage is that there is no typically no yard or garden that comes with a unit
Flat or apartment
Definition
a unit of a self-contained housing that is a part of a larger building
Structure
Often have three or more floors perhaps including a basement or semi-basement
Sometimes these are self-contained flat( have washing and cooking facilities)

Sometimes they are bedsits (residents have one room to themselves and share washing and cooking facilities with other residents)

Advantages
you don`t have sole responsibility on the property as you are only renting.
In case you feel like changing locations, you can just finish your lease term and leave after.
Disadvantages
the unit will never be yours. You do not have the right to make improvement on the premises to suit your needs unless you ask permission from the landlord.
OWNING AND RENTING
Most British people desire to own a house.
House prices are high to buy a house by the mortgage system.
About 70% of all the houses are occupied by their owners and were bought with a mortgage.
Half of these houses are borrowed 80% of their price and are now paying this money back month to month.
Pay back the money over a period of twenty to twenty-five years.
When house prices increase, people take out mortgage
 sell their house in order to make a profit and move into a expensive house.
 the phrase such as ‘first-time buyer’ and second-time buyer’ are well- known.
The growth in home ownership.
Home ownership has been an important political issue in the UK.
In the post war period, rising affluence
a marked rise in home ownership.
more families could now afford to buy outright rather than rent.
The growth in home ownership.
1950 – 1960, million homes were built by local government authorities.
1977, 2/3 of all tenants lived in these council houses.
1950 – 1980, the number of owner-occupiers gradually increased.
In the 1980s, the Conservative government aggressively promoted the idea of a ‘home owning democracy’
 a further growth in home ownership, helped in particular, by the policy of selling council houses cheaply to tenants.
Reasons for Home Ownership
The traditional benefits of homeownership include:

Benefit from rising prices and hence rising wealth.

Reasons for Home Ownership.
Potential of living rent free during retirement years.
Provides greater security, can’t be asked to move
Who owns and rents houses ?.
In the middle years of the 20th century, they owned or rented a house marked their class.
owned house, they were middle class.
lived in a council house, they were working class.
Who owns and rents their home ?.
Levels of home owner-ship according to factors:

their age, the
composition of household (numbers of adults and children).
Their income and the region in which they live.
Source: Statistics New Zealand, Census of Population and Dwellings, 1991, 1996 and 2001
HOMELESSNESS
Since 2003, the number of nearly homeless households has fallen sharply each year.

The 2009 figure of 60.000 homeless households is
only Just over a quarter of the 2003 number (202.000)
Although most prevalent in London and the West Midlands, homelessness is to be found throughout the country
- In 2008, there were 74.690 households in temporary accommodations in the UK
- In the first quarter of 2010, there were around 65.000 homeless households
Causes of homelessness

The other causes:
Unemployment
Poverty
Lack of social support
Debts
Eviction
Immigration

Dealing with homelessness
- Most homeless families are provided with temporary accommodation in boarding houses by their local council.
- Some families and many single people find even more temporary shelter in hostels for the homeless
- Besides, thousands of single people simply live on the streets- “sleep rough”
However, solving problems of homelessness is not a political priority for British government
- In many cases, the homeless are those with personal problems
And in some cases, they are the people who simply don’t want to “settle down” and who won’t class themselves as homeless.

The government announced that they planned to build 3 million new homes by 2020.


Difference between housing in Britain and Vietnam
The way to people divide their house.

Britain
British people divide their house according to their attitude toward privacy.
For example:
detached house
semi-detached house
town house
flat…
VN
Vietnamese people rarely divide their house according to that way.

They just divide house into 3 rooms, 4 rooms….
British
The number of people who live in flats are less

Only 4% of the population live in flat.
Vietnamese
However, people tend to live in flat in VN especially in the big city like HN, HCM
Why they are different?
Individualist ….
(..)
Britain
British have little deep-rooted attachment to their house.
- Their houses are just investment
- They can sell their house and buy new house whenever the time and price is right.
VN
People try to preserve and protect their house where they live.
People who inherit their ancestor’s house always respect that house
They never sell that house if there is no right reason.
Another difference
Britain
Many houses can have the same design. ( sometimes, hundreds of house might have the same purpose design for economy.
VN
We rarely see hundreds of house that have the some designs.
The decoration inside the house
Britain
British people are very desire to have an “open fire” in their house.
=> Traditional symbol of warmth in Britain
VN
However, we just see “open fire” in some houses of the ethnic minorities in VN, “open fire” in VN is not common.
Britain
House often include 2 general living rooms
Front room for formal visits
Back room for family members and close friends.
VN
House in VN usually include 1 living room only.
Britain
In Britain, if people want to buy or sell house, they usually need estate agents to help them do that thing.
VN
But in VN, people can buy or sell by themselves.
Sometimes they also need “estate agents” to help them , but usually in big cities only.