Clauses

Complied by group:
D?ng Thanh Tõm
Vu Th? Thờu
Tr?n Th? Thỳy Ngõn
Nguy?n Th? Phỳ
clauses
OUTLINE
1. what is a clause?
2. how many kinds of clauses?
2.1. Independent clause
definition
example
2.2. dependent clause
definition
classificition
example
3. exercise
A clause is a group of words that contains (at least) a subject and a verb.
1. What is a clause?
Example:

1.I go to school.
2. Although she was lazy, she passed the exam.
3. When I was a child, I used to cry.
2. How many kinds of clauses?

There are 2 kinds of clauses:
Independent and dependent
2.1. independent clause
Independent: A clause that can stand by itself and still make
sense. An independent clause could be its own sentence, but
is often part of a larger structure, combined with other
independent clauses and with dependent clauses.

An independent clause is like an aldult
Person. It is a independent and can
“live” by itself.
example
I’m trying to find a new job to get much money.
My grandfather was still alive.
Today is a nice day.
2.2. dependent clause
a. what is a dependent clause?


A clause that cannot stand by itself. It depends on something else, an independent clause, for its meaning.
it doesn’t express a complete thought and can’t stand by itself.
A dependent clause is like a little child: it can’t “live” by itself
b. classification
There are three kinds of dependent clauses:
Noun clause
Adjective clause
Adverbial clause

Notice that dependent clauses begin with subordinators. The following is list of subordinators
After because since until wherever
Although before so that what whether
As even though that when which
As if how though whenever while
As soon as if unless where who(whom)
Example:
1. the man whom you met yesterday is my brother.(adjective clause)
2. I don’t know why she absents. (noun clause)
3. i’m tall while my sister is short.(adverbial clause)
is
3. exercise
Exercise 1: detemine the kind of the CAPITAL CLAUSE in each of the following sentences.
If you don’t fix the car, IT WILL CONTINUE TO LEAK OIL.
It isn’t necessary to cram all night IF YOU HAVE STUDIED A LITTLE EACH DAY.
WHILE THE CAR IS BEING FIXED, we will need to take the bus.
Before you begin studing for the exam, YOU WILL PROBALY WANT TO REST.
SINCE I DON’T HAVE ANY MONEY, I can’t go to the movies.
WHETHER HE ATTENDS THE PARTY OR NOT, I have decided to go.
I WLL STOP PLAYING DRUMS when you go to sleep
SINCE YOU’VE TAKEN YOUR EXAM IN BIOLOGY, you probaly don’t feel like studying for tomorrow’s exam in math.
Until he apologies to me for his rude behavior, I REFUSE TO SEE HIM.
I wore my boots because it looked like it might snow.


Let’s check!
1.independent clause
2.dependent clause
3.dependent clause
4.independent clause
5.dependent clause
6.dependent clause
7.independent clause
8.dependent clause
9.independent clause
10.dependent clause
Jingle bells
Dashing through the snow in a one-horse open sleigh,
Over the fields we go, laughing all the way;
Bells on bob-tail ring, making spirits bright,
What fun it is to ride and sing a sleighing song tonight.
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh;
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.

A day or two ago, I thought I`d take a ride,
And soon Miss Fanny Bright was seated by my side;
The horse was lean and lank; misfortune seemed his lot;
He got into a drifted bank, and we, we got up sot.
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way.
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.
Jingle bells
A day or two ago, this story I must tell
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.
I went out on the snow and on my back I fell;
A gent was riding by in a one-horse open sleigh,
He laughed as there I sprawling lie, but quickly drove away.
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.

Now the ground is white; Go it while you`re young,
Take the girls tonight and sing this sleighing song;
Just get a bob-tailed bay, two-forty as his speed,
Hitch him to an open sleigh and crack! you`ll take the lead.
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.
Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!
Oh what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.
Let’s check!
I`d take a ride,(dependent clause)
And soon Miss Fanny Bright was seated by my side-dependent clause
The horse was lean and lank (independent clause)
He got into a drifted bank (independent clause)
misfortune seemed his lot (independent clause)
we got up sot .(independent clause)
I went out on the snow (independent clause)
as there I sprawling lie (dependent clause)
Now the ground is white (independent clause)

Thank you for listening!
Merry christmas and best wishes for you!
The end.