Chapter 3 - Ready for CEA

Chapter 3
GATHERING
INFORMATION
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.Gillian Swan’s purpose in creating the special shoe was to:
A. prove a link between passive entertainment and obsesity.
B. help teenagers to lose weight and become fitter.
C. reveal how teenagers prefer to spend their time.
D. find a way of staying in good condition while watching TV.

2.What does Swan say was of particular importance during the development of the shoe?
A. creating a product that would always be in demand
B. designing a shoe that teenagers were willing to wear
C. making sure the technology could not be damaged
D. ensuring that the information the shoe provided was reliable
3.The writer mentions a small desert creature in line 21 in order to
A. the idea of him becoming a victim by chance.
B. the vast number of people who have car accidents
C. the distance that existed between him and the researcher.
D. the lack of control that people have over their own lives.

4.This in line 31 refers to
A. the scale used to reply to the questions.
B. the type of questions in the survey .
C. the writer’s answering of the questions
D. the attitude of the reaseacher

5.In the first paragraph we learn that Chrissy
A. gave no thought to global issues
B. had few friends and acquaintances.
C. rarely considered the consequences of her actions
D. was not interested in the information she had been sent.

6.The writer’s tone throughout the extract suggests that he is
A. critical of Chrissy for her insensitivity.
B. opposed to the production of junk mail.
C. concerned about the workers he mentions.
D. full of admiration for human resourcefulness.
NEW WORDS
Warrant (v): make ST necessary or approciate in a particular situation

Devise (v): invent ST new or a new way of doing ST

Exertions (n): physical or mental effort
NEW WORDS
Antipathy (n): a strong feeling of dislike


2. Claimant (n): a person who claims ST because they believe they have the right to do it

NEW WORDS
1. Toss (v): throw ST lightly and carelessly

2. Unwitingly (adv): without being aware of what you are doing or the situations that you are involved in

3. Mockery (n): an action, or an decision that is a failure and that is not as it is supposed to be

NEW WORDS
4. Endeavour (n): an attempt to do ST, especially ST new or difficult.

5. Wipe Sth/SO out: destroy or remove ST completely

6. Comtemptuous (a) = scornful (a): feeling, or showing that you have no respect for SO/ST
VOCABULARY: SMELL
adjective + noun collocation
Complete each gap with a word from the box:



1.The Stale smell of cigarette _______ and sweaty_________
2.The mouth-watering aroma of freshly brewed _______and sizziling _______
3.The acid odour of burning _______ and petrol ______.
4.The rancid smell of sour _____ and butter that has long since passed it sell-by _____
5.The pungent aroma of herbs and_______ ripe tropical._____
Bacon bodies Coffee date fruit

fumes milk rubber smoke spices
smoke
Coffee
bacon
rubber
bodies
fumes
milk
date
spices
fruit


2. Arrange the adjectives in bold in exercise 1 into the columns below, according to their meaning.


SCENTS AND SENSITIVITY
She has never known the fragrance of a beautiful flower – or been able to tell by sniffing whether food is safe to eat. Lucy Mangan on being born with no sense of smell.

I am not a fully sentient being. I am preferring to the fact that I am
congenitally anosmic; or, as I more helpfully put it when people thrust perfumed articles under my nose and invite an opinion on the aroma, I was born without a sense of smell.


That experience, however, does not compare to the time I was persuaded by schoolfriends that as I couldn’t smell Emma Webster’s perfume, I should drink it. This was, I recall, it would give me at least some idea of the delicious scent I was missing. Alas, all it taught me was that perfume is not a beverage, and I was left feeling sick for days.
E
It took until I was seven to convince my mother of this. She reluctantly acknowledged the truth of my claim after making me sniff the fumes from her bottle of nail varnish remove until I looked up hopefully and said “My eyes are burning – is that what you mean?”
I had enough sense to buy a smoke alarm, but it wasn’t until my sister called round and nearly collapsed from the smell of a hob burner I had accidentally switched on that I realized I needed a detector that would alert me aurally to gas leaks before I blew up the street. A few bouts of food poisoning alerted me to the fact that I can eat food which would cause those with functioning nasal passages to call in the public health authorities. I now check best-before dates assiduously and treat three-day-old milk the respect it deserves.
I subscribe to the “ what you’ve never had, you never miss” school of thought but for those who lose their sense of smell, the effect on their quality of life can be enormous. Professor Tim Jacob at Cardiff University, who researches olfaction, explains “Anosmics will have found other ways of adapting, using texture and consistency to get information about food. But people who once relied on their sense of smell do not know how to cope without it.”
G
A
2
3
And those are just the obvious things. As Jacob also notes: “You lose lots of subliminal information and links with the emotional centers of the brain. Smells are inextricably linked with memories and form the backdrop to your sensory experience. The smell of your first girlfriend’s perfume or boyfriend’s aftershave, anything associated with strong emotion, will always trigger a rush of memory. “
Alarmed at the thought of producing sickly babies, I enquire about treatment. For those who have lost their sense of smell through infection or damage, the news is relatively good. “They usually regain some ability because the olfactory nerve is capable of regeneration”, says David Roberts, ear, nose and throat and consultant at Guy’s & St Thomas’s Hospital in London
I will have to soldier on, and draw what comfort I can from a recent exchange with an ex-boyfriend who, as we reminisced about our relationship said wistfully, "You were the best girlfriend in the world. You let me eat all the garlic I wanted and it didn’t bother you.” I’m putting it in my next personal ad.
C
F
B
5
6
4
7
Naturally, the problem of being olfactorily-challenged don’t compare to those which attend blindness or deafness. Nevertheless, certain things do have to be taken into account, and certain precautious taken, which you only fully appreciate when you start living alone.
I have also learned to stock my shelves with visitors as well as myself in mind. So I have fruit teas in the house even though they appear to be nothing more than an expensive way of colouring a mugful of hot water, and herbs, even though they are a matter of supreme indifference to me. When I cook for other people and a recipe says “season to taste”, I have to hope for the best
“The tongue can only distinguish the four basic tastes: bitter, sweet, salty, sour. Smell detects flavour and nuance, so they lose all significant sense of taste. About 17% become clinically depressed. Some become oversensitive about having body odour and are frightened of going out.”
Iam beginning to feel quite intrigued by this unknown world of smells taking you back in time, but this quickly deepens into concern about what else I am missing. “And of course you are attracted to people who smell different from you, because it suggests they have a different immunotype”, says Jacob. “It’s the evolutionary system trying to get you to pass on two sets of immunity advantages to your offspring”
Steroid-based drug treatments can help further. Nasal polyps causing blockages to olfactory passgeways can be treated medically and surgically. But, as one might expect, less can be done to rectify causes one is born with.
111


0. allergy - allergic science - scientific drama - dramatic
1. Approachable apllicable believable
2. Agrumentative administrative provocative
3. Introductory contradictory preparatory
4. Chatty muddy rocky
5. Luxurious mysterious monstrous
6. Endless priceless sleepless
7. Persistent apparent obedient
8. Managerial secretarial territorial

WORD FORMATION:
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
-ory -less -able -ent -ative -ial -ic -ous -y
ARE YOU READY?????
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1. Her work has been acclaimed for its sensitivity of style and _________ (IMAGINE) use of imagery.
imaginative
2. Her performance at work was considered __________ (SATISFY) and her contract was not renewed.
unsatisfactory
3. It is becoming _________ (INCREASE) difficult for artists to obtain public funding for their work.
increasingly
4. The assistants in Gamidges are unhelpful and _________ (COURTESY). I shall shop elsewhere in future.
discourteous
5. My grandfather was extremely __________ (KNOWLEDGE) about astronomy; the planets were his great passion.
knowledgeable
6. We strayed from the path at some point and got __________ (HOPE) lost.
hopelessly
7. Although several companies made ____________ (SUBSTANCE) losses, the market as a whole was buoyant.
substantial
8. The bookcase was placed ____________ (STRATEGY) a huge crack in the wall.
strategically
LUCKY YOU!!!!!
+10
Word Formation
CAN YOU TRUST THE INTERNET?
Most would agree that the golden age of
the library has well and (0) truly passed TRUE
and that the internet has overtaken as
provider of (1) __________ information. GLOBE
At the same time, there is growing
awareness and (2) ___________ that SUSPECT
online articles which seem to be based
on thorough research, evidence and
academic study, are not as (3) ___________ FACT
as they claim. Online, a writer has the kind
of (4) ___________ powers that no ordinary EDIT
global
suspicion
factual
editorial
journalist or author would ever have,
and the reader is forced to distinguish
between what is actually (5)__________ OBJECT
of what is mere opinion. And even sites
which were once though to be (6)_________ RELY
now suffer from attacks carried out by
internet vandals intending to cause
deliberate (7) __________ with statistics, ACCURATE
or publish personal abuse against a
well-known person, for example.
Another (8) __________ issue is CONTROVERSY
objective
reliable
inaccuracies
controversial
that of writers claiming to have academic
backgrounds or (9) ___________ in an EXPERT
area when they do not. In 2007 online
encyclopedia Wikipedia admitted that
one of their editors, a professor of
religious studies who other editors
believed to be entirely (10) __________, TRUST
was actually a 24-year-old student called
Ryan Jordan. Before he was unmasked,
Jordan had made over 20,000 alterations
to the entries people had posted on the
cyclopedia.
expertise
trustworthy
OPEN CLOZE
Scientists in Bonn have developed a method of listening to sounds from plants normally inaudible (0) ……………. the human ear. The basic technique (1) ………………. developed in the Netherlands, but the German equipment is (2) …………………………… sensitive. When a leaf or stem is sliced, the plant signals pain or dismay (3) ………… releasing the gas ethylene over its entire surface. The gas molecules are collected in a bell jar and bombarded with laser beams, (4) ……………………. makes them vibrate. The resultant sound waves are amplified in a resonance tube,(5) ……………………………. detected with a sensitive microphone. The (6) …………............. a plant is subjected to stress, the louder the signal.
to
more
was
by
which
then / and
more/longer
One surprising result came from an apparently healthy cucumber that was virtually shouting (7) …………. agony. (8) ……….. closer study showed it (9)……………………developed mildew, a harmful fungus, though the symptoms were (10) ………………….. apparent. Listening to plants is this (11) ………………. could be of great benefit to farmers as an early-warning system to detect pests and disease and as an aid to efficient storing and transporting. Apples, for instance, give (12) ………………….. high levels of ethylene, increasing with ripeness and causing neighbouring fruit (13) ……………….rot. Invisible differences of ripeness (14) …………………….. be detected acoustically, enabling fruit to be separated into battles in order to prolong (15)………….. freshness.
in/with
A
had
not/hardy/barely
way
off
to
can/may
its
KEY WORD TRANSFORMATION

Having a holiday together was a mistake because we argued all the time. (NEVER)
I wish ___________________on holiday together because we argued all the time.

2. You were not supposed to tell anyone about my news! (SECRET)
I’d rather _________________________instead of telling everyone.

3. Although I wanted to quit smoking gradually, my doctor told me to stop immediately. (PREFER)
I _________________________up smoking gradually, but my doctor told me to stop immediately.



we had never gone
you had kept my news secret
would prefer to have given
4. I would find Andy more attractive if he didn’t laugh at strange things. (SENSE)
If it were __________________________humour, I would find Andy quite attractive.

5. If you should ever come to France, please feel free to visit us. (HAPPEN)
Please feel free to visit us __________________
to France.

6. Patrick is going to lose his job if he insists on arriving late to work. (KEEP)
If ____________________________up late to work, Patrick is going to lose his job.
not for his strange sense of
if you happen to come
he does keep on turning
7. The most likely reason for the scientists getting the conclusion from is that they were not thorough enough with their research. (PROBABLY)
If their research had been more thorough, the scientists ___________________________
to the wrong conclusion
8. Tom should have admitted his mistake, because the company usually gives employees another chance.(SECOND)
 The company might ______________________
probably would not have come/jumped
have given Tom a second chance
1. Wishes about the past
WISH + PAST PERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE
This pattern is used to express wishes or regrets about the past:
Eg: *I wish I had never told him my secret. (I`m sorry that I told him my secret)
*John wishes he hadn`t spent so much money last night. (John regrets spending so much money last night)
2. WOULD RATHER/SOONER + perfect infinitive
Express preferences about the past and means that the desired action was not performed:
Eg: Would you rather have had pork than beef? (=Would you have preferred pork to beef?)
I`d rather have walked but I went by bus because it was raining.  (=I would have liked to walk...)

*** Would prefer
We use "would prefer" to say what somebody wants in a particular situation (not in general):
*WOULD PREFER Sth
*WOULD PREFER TO DO Sth (rather than do sth)
Eg: I`d prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go to the cinema.
*WOULD PREFER TO HAVE DONE Sth = WOULD HAVE PREFERRED TO DO Sth
Eg: I would prefer to have become a pilot = I would have preferred to become a pilot. 
2. If it were not for
This describes how one event depends on another
Eg: If it weren’t not for Jim, this company would be in a mess
THANKS FOR
LISTENING !!!!
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