Cau dieu kien rat hay

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
TYPE 0: thể hiện đk luôn đúng ở hiện tại và tương lai
Ex: If you put a paper into the flame, it burns at once.
If you meet Jane, please give my best regard to her.
If John comes, tell him I am waiting for him at school.
Đảo ngữ (Were you to meet Jane, please give my best regard to her.)
If +S+ Present simple tense, Imperative form (mệnh lệnh cách)


TYPE 1: Điều kiện có thể xảy ra (open/likely/possible condition)
If + S + Present simple tense, S + simple future (will+V)

EX: If it doesn’t rain, we will go to the beach.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Đảo ngữ (Should you study hard, you will pass the exam.)

TYPE 2: Điều kiện không thật ở hiện tại (present unreal condition)
If + S + simple past tense, S + past future (would+V)

 (past simple tense but present meaning)
EX: If it didn’t rain now, we would go to the beach.(e.g It is now raining outside.)
( If I were you/ If I were in your position is used to give an advice
EX: If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that expensive bicycle.
Đảo ngữ (Were I you, I wouldn’t buy that expensive bicycle.)
If I knew it, I would tell you earlier.
Đảo ngữ (Were I to know it, I would tell you earlier.)

TYPE 3: Điều kiện không thật ở quá khứ (past unreal condition)
If+ S + had+ PP, S+ would have + PP

EX: If it hadn’t rain yesterday, we would have gone to the beach.(e.g It rained heavily yesterday.)
If I had known she was ill yesterday, I would have come to visit her.
(e.g You didn’t know she was ill yesterday.)
If he had worked harder, he could have passed the exams. (e.g he didn’t work hard.)
If we had brought a map with us, we mightn’t have got lost.
(e.g You didn’t bring a map with you)
Đảo ngữ (Had you worked hader, you could have passed the exam)

TYPE 4 mixed ( trong mệnh đề if trái với quá khứ, trong mệnh đề chính trái với hiện tại)
If I hadn’t stayed up late, I wouldn’t be sleepy now.
(I stayed up late and now I am sleepy)
If + S + had PP, S + simple past

Một số câu đặc biệt:
1. IF ONLY: nhấn mạnh tình huống giả thiết
If only, I were in your position.
If only he had known she was in hospital, he would have visited her.
2. Sử dụng were to/ had been để tăng tính giả thiết.
- If I were to ask you to lend me some money, what would you say?
- If it hadn’t been for her children, she wouldn’t have sold her house.
3. WISH
- Trái với hiện tại
I wish I had a bigger house.
- Trái với quá khứ
I wish I hadn’t been ill.
- Ao ước sẽ sảy ra hoạc phàn nàn về điều gì ngoài ý muốn chủ quan của người nói
I wish it wouldn’t rain.
I wish he wouldn’t keep on smoking
4.
He

can
could
may
might
should
+V

+ have+PP

He can sing well.
He can have gone out.
He should study hard
He should have studied harder
PART B: Make the correct choice
“Would you mind if we _______you by your first name?” -“Not at all. Please call me Tom.”
A. called B. call C. calling D. want to call
She can’t get home _______ she has no money.
A. unless B. if C. until D. without
If I had known your new address, we _______to see you.
A. came B. will come C. would come D. would have come
If we took the 10:30 train, _______ too early.
A. we would arrive B. we should arrive C. we will arrive D. we may arrive
It’s very crowded here. I wish there _______ so many people.
A. aren’t B. weren’t C. haven’t been D. isn’t
I wouldn’t go there at night if I _______ you.
A. am B.