BASIC GRAMMAR & EXERCISES FOR ENTRANCE EXAM OF GRADE

PARTI: THEORIES AND EXERCISES
1. TENSES
Present simple ( Hiện tại đơn )
Form ( hình thức)
( Khẳng định: I / you / we / they + verb ……
He / she / it + verb (+ s / es )……
( Phủ định : I / you / we / they + don’t + verb….
He / she / it + doesn’t + verb……
( Nghi vấn : Do + I / you / we / they + verb…..?
Does + he / she / it + verb……?
Use ( cách dùng )
( Diễn tả hành động xảy ra thường xuyên hoặc một thói quen ở hiện tại.
Ex: Do you often go to the cinema ?
We sometimes go sailing at weekends.
He smokes twenty cigarettes a day.
We go to the country every weekend.
( Cách nhận biết:
always (luôn luôn),
often (thường),
usually/generally (thường thường),
sometimes (thỉnh thoảng),
rarely/seldom (hiếm khi),
never (không bao giờ),
every + time (hằng, mọi ….)
once / twice …+ a + time (một / hai … lần )
Present continuous ( Hiện tại tiếp diễn )
Form ( hình thức)
( Khẳng định: S + am / are / is + V-ing …….
( Phủ định : S + am / are / is + not + V-ing ……
( Nghi vấn : Am / Are / Is + S + V-ing ……?
Use ( cách dùng )
( Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra vào lúc nói
Ex: What’s that smell ? Something is burning in the kitchen .
Why are you wearing that funny hat ?
I work in a bakery everyday . But I’m working in a shop this week .
( Cách nhận biết: now , right now / right at the moment / at present, today , this + time
* Notes: Common nonprogressive verbs: (động từ không dùng ở các thì tiếp diễn)
1. Mental state: know, realize, understand, recognize, believe, feel, think, imagine, remember, forget, want, need, prefer, mean
2. Emotional state: love, like, appreciate, hate, dislike, fear, envy, mind, care
3. Possession: possess, have, own, belong
4. Sense perseptions: taste, smell, hear, feel, see
5. Other existing states: seem, look, appear, cost, owe, weigh, be, exist, consist of, contain, include
* There are some differences in meaning between nonprogressive and progressive
Nonprogressive
Progressive

I think he is a kind man.
He has a car.
This food tastes good.
These flowers smell good.
I see a butterfly. Do you see it?
The cat’s fur feels soft.
She looks cold. I’ll lend her a coal.
He appears to be asleep.
A piano is heavy. It weighs a lot.
Bob is foolish
I am thinking about this grammar.
I am having lunch
The chef is tasting the sauce.
Don is smelling the roses.
The doctor is seeing a patient.
Sue is feeling the cat’s fur.
I am looking out the window.
The actor is appearing on the stage.
The grocer is weighing the bananas.
Tom is being foolish.


3. Simple past ( Quá khứ đơn )
Form ( hình thức)
( Khẳng định: S + V2 / V-ed ……
( Phủ định : S + didn’t + V1 ….
( Nghi vấn : Did + S + V1 …..?
Use ( cách dùng )
( Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt tại một thời điểm hoặc khoảng thời gian xác định trong quá khứ .
Ex: He met her yesterday.
He lived in Hanoi from 1990 to 2000.
They didn’t meet each other last night.
( Cách nhận biết: yesterday, ago, last + time , in + year , from… to .
4. Past continuous ( Quá khứ tiếp diễn )
Form ( hình thức)
( Khẳng định: S + were / was + V-ing …….
( Phủ định : S + were / was + not + V-ing ……
( Nghi vấn : Were / Was + S + V-ing ……?
Use ( cách dùng )
( Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ .
Ex: What were you doing at 8.00 last night ? I was watching television .