Bài giảng về Phrasal verbs

PHRASAL VERBS
Words consisting of a verb and a particle (preposition or adverb)
Prepositions : in, of, for, into, up, etc.
Adverbs : ahead, away, back, etc.
The meaning of a phrasal verb is different from the meaning of each word if it was considered separately.
Ex: The scientists carried out an experiment.
vs.
I carried out some chairs in the garden.
Types of Phrasal Verbs
Intransitive phrasal verb (phrasal verb that does not take an object)
Ex: We need to be careful and plan ahead.
Transitive phrasal verb (phrasal verb that takes an object)
a. object can come either before the particle or after it
Separable
b. object must come before the particle
Inseparable object must come after the particle


Examples
Separable
a.
I chewed over the problem for a few days. OR
I chewed the problem over for a few days.

But if the object is a pronoun (him, her, etc.), it always comes before the particle.
I chewed it over for a few days.
b.
If I miss the meeting, I’ll feel I’ve let everybody down.
not let down everybody

Inseparable
I ran into an old friend yesterday.
We have
Verbs with three parts
Verbs with two parts
Verbs with three parts

Cut down on: reduce the amount of
Jack has decided to cut down on the time he spends watching television.
Catch up with: reach the same place as
They are too far ahead for us to catch up with them.
Come up against: meet
We’ve come up against many political crises recently.
Come up with: think of
I’ve come up with an answer to the problem.
Drop in on: visit
I dropped in on Julie on my way home.

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Verbs with three parts

Face up to: accept / deal with
Face up to your failure, be courageous!
Feel up to: feel fit to do
I don’t really feel up to going to the party.
Get away with: steal sth and escape with it
Jack stole the money and got away with it.
Get along/on with: have good relations with
I get along with my sister.
Get on with: continue with
Get on with your homework!

1
Verbs with three parts

Get out of: avoid a responsibility
I managed to get out of working late.
Get round to: find time to do
I just can’t get round to buying a gift to my girlfriend.
Get up to: do, often sth wrong
What has Bill been getting up to?
Go in for: have sth as a hobby
What do you go in for?
Grow out of: become too old for
Old Tom has grown out of boxing.

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Verbs with three parts

Keep up with: move / make progress at the same rate as
Slow down! I can’t keep up with you.
Look down on: feel superior to
The way they look down on everyone makes me feel unpleasant.
Look up to: respect
I really look up to my teacher.
Look forward to: expect with pleasure
We are looking forward to our holidays.
Make up for: compensate for
Please let me make up for the attitude of my staff.
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Verbs with three parts

Put up with: tolerate
I can’t put up with the new neighbor.
Run out of: use up sth
We’ve run out of gas.
Stand up for: struggle for
We must stand up for our benefits.
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Verbs with two parts

Ask after: ask for news of
Jim asked after you yesterday.
Call for: come and collect
I’ll call for you at six.
Call on: visit
He called on me yesterday.
Come across: find by chance
Yummy came across that new dress on her way home.
Come into: inherit
Sue came into a fortune.
2
Verbs with two parts

Count on: depend on
I count on you, my friend.
Deal with: take action about
Have you dealt with these letters yet?
Do without: manage without
I can’t do without coffee in the morning.
Get at: suggest
Are you getting at something?
Get over: recover from
Don’t worry, you will get over your illness soon.
2
Verbs with two parts

Go over: discuss the details
Let’s go over the plan.
Join in: contribute to
There are many people joining in the campaign.
Live on: depend on sth to live
She lives on the money she inherited.
Look into: investigate
The police are looking into the crime.
Look round: look at everything
Let’s look round the town.
2
Verbs with two parts

Make for: go in the direction of
We’ll make for the nearest gas station.
Pick on: treat sb unfairly / choose sb
She was picked on because of her weight.
Run into: meet by chance
I ran into Steve in the supermarket yesterday.
See about: arrange
We’ll have to see about getting you an office.
See to: take care of
Can you see to the dog’s food?
2
Verbs with two parts

Stand for: tolerate / be a candidate
I won’t stand for such rudeness.
Andrew is standing for Parliament.
Take after: look like
Helen takes after her mother.
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